Pope Pius IX
The last Pope-King, Pius IX ruled the Papal States until 1870 in the longest pontificate in history, defined the dogma of the Immaculate Conception, proclaimed papal infallibility at Vatican I, and condemned liberalism in the Syllabus of Errors.
- Closest spectrum
- Far-Right
- Closest ideology
- Christian Theocratism
- Closest personality
- Engelbert Dollfuss




















